Imperial and metric systems of measurement can be interpreted by a metric conversion table and chart. The measuring scheme is available from various online companies like French Property Company.
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They are simply two measurement systems based on basic units which are different.
Metric is used in most countries in the world it is only USA and UK that is still using imperial. So the answer is the metre (or in USA, meter)
you can identify the slight different between an imperial bolt and a metric bolt by looking how fine their thread pitch looks like or feels like
SAE is an acronym for the "Society of Automotive Engineers" and when used in conjunction with tool grade or measurement (not oil), is a standardized unit of non-metric measurement. Simply put, in measurements it means "Non-Metric". The name "SAE" used to grade motor oil has a totally different meaning, although instituted by the same society.
Imperial measurements are based on multiples of various numbers eg 16 ozs in a pound, 14 pounds in a stone etc. Metric measurements are based on multiples of 10 eg 1000 grams in a kilogram etc. This makes Metric measurements easier to use in calculations.
Pa is the metric unit for pressure, Pascal. It is one Newton per square meter. Atmospheric pressure is approximately 101 kPa (101 000 Pa), which is 14.7 psi (pounds per square inch) in Imperial units. The air pressure in car tires is usually about twice that (32 psi, 220 kPa).