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Working capital management involves monitoring a company's current assets and liabilities to ensure it has enough liquidity to meet short-term obligations and efficiently utilize its resources. It includes managing cash, inventory, accounts receivable, and Accounts Payable to optimize the company's financial health and operational efficiency. Effective working capital management can help enhance profitability, reduce risks, and support sustainable growth.
To compose a literature review on working capital management, you should start by conducting a thorough literature search on reputable databases. Organize the review by introducing the topic, discussing key theories and concepts, presenting the findings from various studies, and identifying gaps for future research. Finally, critically analyze and synthesize the information to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in the field of working capital management.
Working capital represents a company's ability to cover its short-term operational expenses using its current assets like cash, inventory, and accounts receivable. It is calculated by subtracting current liabilities from current assets. Positive working capital indicates a company can meet its short-term obligations, while negative working capital may signal liquidity issues.
Over trading in working capital management occurs when a company relies too heavily on short-term financing to fund its operations, leading to excessive levels of working capital and potential financial risk. Under trading, on the other hand, happens when a company has insufficient working capital to support its day-to-day operations, which can lead to liquidity issues and impact the company's ability to meet its short-term obligations. Finding the right balance in managing working capital is crucial for a company's financial health and sustainability.
Neglecting to manage working capital can lead to liquidity issues, inability to pay obligations, reduced profitability, and potential bankruptcy. It can also result in missed growth opportunities and decreased investor confidence. Effective working capital management is crucial for ensuring the smooth operations and financial health of an organization.
In a typical case study on working capital management, you would analyze a company's current assets and liabilities to optimize its liquidity and operational efficiency. By focusing on areas such as accounts receivable, inventory, and accounts payable, you would suggest strategies to improve cash flow and reduce the company's financing costs. The goal is to strike a balance between ensuring there is enough working capital to support day-to-day operations while minimizing excess funds that could be more efficiently used elsewhere.