The variables were the presence of a group and the level of conformity.
The dependent variable was whether or not the participant would give his answers with the stooges unanimously giving their answer first, or whether they would give it alone. The independent variable was their level of conformity. This was operationalised as the percentage of errors they made in line with what the stooges said.
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The variables in Solomon Asch's Conformity Experiment were the presence of a unanimous majority opinion, the size of the majority group, and the difficulty of the task. These variables were manipulated to see their effect on the participants' likelihood to conform.