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Helium neon laser is better than ruby laser or most of the four level lasers are better than three level lasers due to the following reasons:
The laser output is continuous in the case of helium-neon laser. But it is in the form of pulse in the ruby laser.
Ruby laser requires high power pumping source, whereas Helium-neon laser requires low power pumping source like electric discharge.
Efficiency of helium-neon laser is more than ruby laser.
The defects due to crystalline imperfections are also present in the ruby laser. But it is not so in the helium-neon laser.
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ReneA He-Ne laser typically operates at a longer wavelength (632.8 nm) compared to a ruby laser (694.3 nm), which allows for better precision in certain applications. Additionally, He-Ne lasers have a narrower linewidth and better beam quality, making them suitable for more precise and high-resolution applications such as microscopy and interferometry.
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