Rock
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The change that occurs when lava cools to rock is a physical change called solidification. As the lava loses heat energy, it transitions from a liquid state to a solid state, forming igneous rock.
When magma cools and solidifies after reaching the Earth's surface, it is called igneous rock.
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The hardened layer of lava is called "igneous rock".
Hot lava cooling and hardening is an example of a physical change in matter, specifically a process called solidification or crystallization. This occurs when the lava loses heat energy to its surroundings, causing the liquid rock to solidify and form solid rock structures.