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Water travels up a tree through small tubes called xylem. As water is released through the leaves of the tree, it creates a negative pressure at the top of the tree. Even though the weight of all the water is dragging it down via gravity, the adhesion and cohesion properties of water create a strong attraction between the water molecules. Another property that helps is capillary action, where the water molecules are more strongly attracted to the walls of the xylem than they are to each other. The height that capillary action can draw water is inversely proportional to the width of the tube, which means that the xylem and stomata can draw water up and incredible distance.

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Compare and contrast adhesion and cohesion using capillary action as an example?

Adhesion is the attraction between different substances, while cohesion is the attraction between the same type of molecules. In capillary action, water molecules adhere to the walls of a narrow tube due to adhesion, while they also stick together due to cohesion, allowing water to move up the tube against gravity. Overall, adhesion and cohesion work together to enable capillary action.


Adhesion and cohesion together enable water molecules to move through narrow tubes against the force of gravity how?

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