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Control Unit

All computers follow instructions that are given to it in a program. These instructions are in a particular order in the program, and following them, and carrying them out, will mean that the computer has accomplished whatever task it was meant to do. Something in the computer has to manage the instructions and make sure that all the other parts of the processor do what they should be doing. This is the job of the control unit.

The control unit has three jobs:

  • It has to decide which instruction to carry out next and then go and get it.
  • It has to decipher the instruction, in other words it has to work out what needs to be done to carry the instruction out.
  • It has to tell other parts of the processor what they should do so that the instruction will be carried out.

Memory Unit

The third part of the processor is where everything that the processor is going to use is stored. This includes all the program instructions and all the data needed to carry out those instructions. One of the jobs of the control unit is to be able to find the information stored there when it is to be used. The parts of the operating system, which the computer is using at the time, also need to be stored in memory.

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