An acid perm's main ingredient is Glyceryl Monothioglycolate. An alkaline perm's main ingredient is Ammonium Thioglycolate.
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Ammonium thioglycolate is an alternative to sodium thioglycolate in perms, as it offers a gentler solution for those with sensitivities. Thioglycolic acid is another common ingredient used in perms, but it is important to always check the product label to be sure of the ingredients.
Perms are made from chemicals that break and reform the bonds in the hair to create a permanent change in its texture. The main active ingredient in perms is usually ammonium thioglycolate or similar compounds. These chemicals soften the hair and allow it to be reshaped into curls or waves.
Oxygen diffusing into the thioglycolate broth gets consumed by the chemical reaction between the thioglycolate and the oxygen. This reaction forms a gradient of oxygen concentration within the medium, creating an oxygen-free environment at the bottom of the tube where anaerobic organisms can grow.
Hair perming lotions typically contain an alkaline solution, such as ammonium thioglycolate or sodium hydroxide, to break and reform the disulfide bonds in the hair structure to achieve a permanent wave. The alkaline solution helps to soften the hair and make it more pliable for styling.
Fluid thioglycollate medium typically contains thioglycolic acid, sodium thioglycolate, cysteine, dextrose, sodium chloride, agar, and resazurin. These components create an environment suitable for the growth of a variety of bacteria, especially anaerobic organisms.
sodium chlorateNaClO3 = Sodium Chlorate