Mono-protic carboxylic acids are generally represented as R-COOH
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The carbon skeleton with a carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to one of the carbons represents a carboxylic acid. This functional group is known as the carboxyl group (-COOH) and is found in compounds like acetic acid.
The carbon atom in a carboxylic acid molecule is sp2 hybridized.
Organolithium compounds can be used in a reaction with carbon dioxide to form carboxylic acids. This process involves adding the organolithium compound to carbon dioxide, which then reacts to form a carboxylic acid.
Carboxylic acids with even carbon numbers tend to pack more efficiently in the solid state due to the symmetrical arrangement of molecules, leading to stronger intermolecular forces like van der Waals interactions. This results in higher melting points compared to carboxylic acids with odd carbon numbers that have a less compact packing arrangement and weaker intermolecular forces.
Compounds with the general structural formula RCOOH are known as carboxylic acids. They contain a carboxyl functional group (-COOH) which consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) and a hydroxyl group (O-H) bonded to the same carbon atom. Carboxylic acids are commonly found in nature and have diverse applications in industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, and polymers.
Carboxylic acid < protein < disaccharide < triglyceride < carbon atom.