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Hydrogen bond is a special type of interaction between molecules: it forms whenever a hydrogen atom, bound to a strongly electronegative (able to attract electrons) atom, at the same time interacts with another strongly electronegative atom having a lone pair of electrons, like oxygen, nitrogen or fluorine. The bond is commonly represented as a dotted line between the hydrogen atom and the other electronegative atom.

When a hydrogen atom is bound to a strongly electronegative atom, a charge separation occurs. The molecule, though it is electrically neutral, has a partial positive charge (indicated as δ+) on one side and a partial negative charge (δ-) on the opposite side. The hydrogen atom is the positive end of the molecule. It interacts with the negative end of a neighboring molecule, forming a "bridge" between the two molecules. Hydrogen bond is a directional bond, meaning that it is stronger when the hydrogen atom is aligned with the two electronegative atoms.

A single hydrogen bond is relatively weak: usually, however, a high number of such bonds forms simultaneously. All together, they play a central role in determining the chemical and physical properties of polar substances like hydrogen fluoride and water.

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4mo ago

Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to a more electronegative atom (such as oxygen or nitrogen) and forms a weak bond with another electronegative atom nearby. Hydrogen bridge bonding is a specific type of hydrogen bonding where the hydrogen atom is shared between two electronegative atoms, creating a bridge-like structure. In essence, hydrogen bridge bonding is a type of hydrogen bonding that involves a hydrogen atom shared between two electronegative atoms.

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Q: What is difference between hydrogen bonding and hydrogen bridge bonding?
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