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The NaCl structure has a 1:1 stoichiometry, with Na and Cl atoms in a 1:1 ratio. If all the face-centered atoms along one of the axes are removed, only the corner atoms remain, resulting in a stoichiometry of 1:2 (A:B).
Removing all the face-centered atoms along one of the axes in a NaCl crystal removes 1/4 of the original atoms, leaving behind only the atoms at the corners. Since each corner atom is shared between 8 unit cells, the resultant stoichiometry is A:8B.
In a body-centered cubic (bcc) crystal structure, the arrangement of tetrahedral sites is such that each atom at the center of the cube is surrounded by four tetrahedral sites located at the corners of the cube.
Pure gold typically has a face-centered cubic structure, where each atom is surrounded by 12 nearest neighbors at the corners of a cube and 6 in the faces of the cube. This structure allows gold to be easily reshaped and malleable.
AB2 type ionic crystal has a structure where cations of A occupy the corners of the unit cell and cations of B occupy the face-centered positions. An example of this structure is fluorite (CaF2) where calcium ions occupy the corners and fluorine ions occupy the face-centered positions.
CsCl (cesium chloride) has a simple cubic structure because the larger Cs+ ions occupy the corners of the cubic unit cell, while the smaller Cl- ions occupy the center of the cell. NaCl (sodium chloride) has a face-centered cubic structure because the Na+ ions occupy the face centers, and the Cl- ions occupy the corners of the unit cell.