Remove the distributor cap. Remove the hose to the vacuum advance. Remove the two screws holding the vacuum advance on. Install in reverse order.
engine loads
If you're talking about the vacuum advance for the 216/235 distributor, then yes it has the vacuum advance, which runs off a carburetor connection close to the idle adjustment screw.
pull the hose off the vacuum advance and some of them have a set screw inside the hole.
at the distributor. mechanical type
Detach the vacuum hose from the vacuum advance unit. Remove the distributor cap and unscrew the two mounting screws. Pull the rotor off the shaft and remove those two mounting screws as well. Unscrew the two advance unit mounting screws and remove the unit from the distributor.
It won't. That vacuum line tells the distributor When to advance the timing. There isn't enough vacuum loss to stall an engine.
If you have a manual transmission and a centrifugal advance distributor, you don't have any. If you have vacuum advance on your distributor, there's one vacuum hose running from the side of the carb to the distributor. If you have an automatic transmission, you've got a hose from the intake manifold to the control valve.
I really depends on what distributor you have on the engine. It could be a mechanical advance distributor or a vacuum advance distributor (stock). Google "the Somba" Volkswagen forum and all will be explained.
You are asking two separate questions. The transmission has a cable,mechanical, kickdown. The distributor does not have a vacuum advance.
Manifold vacuum usually. There may be some instances where someone reworked a distributor to arrive at a specific timing curve under load using ported vacuum with the vacuum advance, but this would be rare as most people would re-curve their distributor by changing advance weights and springs and would limit the advance built into a distributor so they could use more initial timing without having the total timing go over 36-40 degrees when the engine is revved up and all advance is in.
"VAcuum advance". Step on it, vacuum goes down and it advances timing for more performance/power. Idle of letting off, advance goes back to setting for economy.