None. It is at rest. No forces.
Friction
Yes, when a car is at rest, there are still forces acting on it. The main forces that act on a stationary car are gravity pulling it down and the normal force from the ground pushing it up. These two forces are balanced, resulting in a net force of zero and causing the car to remain at rest.
When a car is travelling at a steady speed, the driving force from the engine is equal to the total resistive forces acting against the car, such as air resistance and friction. This balance of forces allows the car to maintain a constant velocity without accelerating or decelerating.
When a car is accelerating, the main forces acting on it are the driving force from the engine that propels the car forward, and the opposing forces such as friction between the tires and the road surface, air resistance, and the car's inertia that resists the change in motion.
Balanced forces on a car occur when all external forces acting on it are equal and opposite, resulting in no change in the car's motion. This means that the car continues to move at a constant velocity or remains at rest. Balanced forces can include the force of gravity, air resistance, and the force of the engine pushing the car forward.
Matched forces acting on a moving car will not cause it to go faster. The speed of a car is primarily determined by the balance between the engine's power and the forces of friction and air resistance. Matching forces will only help maintain the car's current speed or slow it down, depending on the direction and magnitude of the forces.
The net force on a car stopped at a stop sign is zero, assuming there are no external forces acting on it. This means that the forces pushing the car forward (such as the engine) are balanced by the forces resisting the car's motion (like friction).
When a car accelerates, the primary forces at play are the force of friction between the tires and the road, which propels the car forward, and the force of inertia, which resists changes in motion. Additionally, the engine generates power to overcome these forces and propel the car forward.
There are several forces acting on a still car: gravity pulling it downward, normal force pushing it upward, and frictional forces opposing motion on the ground.
The normal force from the ground is pushing up on the car to support its weight, counteracting the force of gravity pulling the car downwards. If the car is on an incline, a component of the normal force would also act in the direction of the incline to prevent the car from rolling downhill.
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