Tandem by definition is two. So tandem axle is two axles. Example would be a tractor trailer having two axles next to each other is a tandem axle.
Five
Tandem axles are connected by spring Multi axle trailers Shipyard Transporters
They both are.
Both of them.
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A tandem truck usually refers to the amount of axles on the trailer or tractor. A single drive axle on a tractor would be referred to as a single, or the same for one axle on the trailer. I have seen it referred to the amount of tires on the end of an axle. When there are two tires on the end of the axle, that would be referred to as a dual, not a tandem.
You need to be more specific about the configuration. Is a single axle straight truck, a tandem axle straight truck, a tandem axle straight truck with additional lift axles, a tractor trailer...?
60:40
The exact same thing as the first drive axle.
Front axle 12,000, Front tandem 34,000, Rear tandem 34,000 unless it is a spread axle trailer; then it is 40,000 for the two rear axles combined. Total weight not to exceed 80,000 lbs.
They both do. The driveshaft turns a differential which distributes power to both axles.