The person who opens the door.
Nope... The passenger's actions are their own ! If they choose to open the door of a moving vehicle - they are responsible for their own injuries !
The driver/passenger opening the door is at fault. Look it up under the traffic laws in your state.
Initially the driver has to pay the damages if anything besides the car was harmed or damaged but he can sue the passenger for the same amount and also for damage to the car.
driver of parked vehicle
Driver - The driver is what casued the incident. Even so, while exiting, person becomes pedestrian, not a passenger
The one backing out, because you should realize someone is opening a door.
the person who opened the door
Speaking from experience if a person opens their care door into a lane of traffic, they are responsible if it gets hit. If you legally go around a car that is double parked and the occupant opens their door and you hit it, they are responsible. Don't move. Call the police.
Going ONLY by the information disclosed in the question - it would appear that the person who opend their door is at fault.
It varies by country and/or state. In most areas, the person opening the door is liable for any damage.
Yes. The taxi driver should have parked in such a way as to not impede the exit of the passenger. Taxi companies carry lots of insurance for obvious reasons. Which is also why the fares are usually costly. It could go both ways, if you didnt think you had enough room on one side, why not try the other side? It depends upon the damage and where the taxi cab driver parked. The law "should" seem fair and reasonable under the view of the average person. For example, if the driver parks so close you don't enough room to exit comfortably then he would probably be at fault, but if there's no one next to you then someone pulls up and you still open the door without noticing the car next to you then you would be negligent. It depends on the circumstances. Basically you need to ask yourself who the idiot was, the driver or the passanger.