There are two kinds of setups for this. The first is the single screw setup, which is common in European 6x2 trucks... there'll be one live axle, and the driveshaft will go from the transmission output directly to that differential, and it works the same as a regular car differential. The other axle will often be a lift axle which can be raised and lowered as needed.
The other is the double screw setup, which is what's used on 6x4 trucks. The driveshaft goes from the transmission output to the power divider, which is essentially a differential. The power divider distributes power evenly between the two axles, which are both live axles.
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