Yes
YES
UH..NO!
Yes, you can buy a car in Kansas without having a drivers license. However, you will need a license in order to title a car.
no
Yes, it is possible to rent a car at the airport without having a flight. Many car rental companies have locations at airports that are accessible to the public for car rentals.
In the UK you can own a car without having a driving licence but you can't legally drive it.
Yes, you just can't drive the car.
Yes
depending on the state you live in you COULD get insurance without owning a CAR. Ask your insurance professional about it.
no impossible
Yes
it is not illegal for a driver with only a permit to drive his parent's car without having his name added to the insurance.