0 and 2 oxidation states, and in some cases, 1 also
0 and +2
Look at the position of Pb in the periodic table and the postion of the Alkali Earth metals. Alkali Earth Metals are in noble-gas configuration when they are doubly charged cations. Lead however is on the right hand side, and would like to have more electrons to get into that stablest configuration; making the bonds in lead-compounds more covalent -and stronger- in nature. Insoluble compounds have lattice enthalpies higher than the enthalpy of solvation. Now since Alkali Earth metals like to be in ionic states; their compounds will dissolve in general more easily than the same compounds with lead, since usually the lattice energy of lead compounds is much higher (In case of insoluble compounds higher than the energy that would be released upon solvation, which thus doesn't occur).
the oxidation state of beryllium is +2
Ok this question is a little tricky question. Let us answer this question based on concept of band theory. let us look at group 1 metals. Take the example of Na. It has only one valance electron. Hence the band diagram will be incomplete when sketched and due to this the nature of the element that is Na is metallic and also it exhibits good conductivity.Now let us take the case of group 2 metals. Since the valence electron will be two and both of them will be filled, there will be an overlap of band. This will give it metallic nature but on the contrary since there will not be empty states it will be a poor conductor when compared to group 1.Note: Group 2 metals exhibit conductivity but on a comparative scale with group 1 and 3 they are bad conductors.
no!! in the disclaimer states that there are several metals and chemicals used in this ink, including arsenic..
Gold is called a noble metal because it resists reacting with stuff. But it can be "convinced" to react, and it forms numerous compounds. It's oxidation states range from -1 to +5, with +1 and +3, Au(I) and Au(III), far and away the most common. Gold will dissolve in Mercury, but creates an amalgam rather than react with it to create a compound. Aurum (gold) resists most acids, though aqua regia (a 3:1 mix of concentrated hydrochloric and nitric acids) will attack gold, as will cyanide. In the unusual -1 state, gold will form compounds like CsAu (cesium auride). It will hook up with the most reactive of the Group 1 and Group 2 elements, the Alkali and Alkaline Earth elements. Remember that the activity of these elements increases as you go down the column. That's just the opposite of the Group 17 elements, the halogens (fluorine, chlorine, etc.), whose reactivity increases as you go up the column. Speaking of the halogens, the Group 17 elements, will react with gold (Au), and auric fluoride (gold fluoride, AuFl) and auric chloride (gold chloride, AuCl) would be examples. Gold will form compounds in its +1 oxidation state with other ions, and it will also similarily form a number of compounds in the +3 oxidation state. There are also compounds (cluster compounds) where gold will form a compound that includes both the +1 and +3 oxidation states of the metal. It has "dual" (fractional) oxidation states in a single compound. Links are provided for more information.
Because all of the elements are displayed; also they are divided into groups (alkali, alkaline earth, transition metals, metalloids, non metals, halogens, noble gases, lathanides and actinides) based on their reactivity, common oxidation states and properties. This helps chemists to think of chemical compounds and their composition (e.g alkali metals usually have +1 oxidation states, alkaline earth +2 and transition +2,+3, but are not limited to these oxidation states).
transition metals have variable oxidation states
Generally third A group elements in the periodic table exhibit +3 oxidation state but Boron exhibit negative oxidation state also . The stable oxidation state of Tl is +1. It exhibit +3 also but +1 is more stable than +3. RGUKT IIIT NUZVID N091528
Roman numerals are used to indicate oxidation states.
Metals form cations and have positive oxidation states.
Roman numerals are used to indicate oxidation states. Apex
The iron triad has the most variable oxidation states from +6. Coinage metals have oxidation states of +1 except for copper(+2)
Roman numerals are used to indicate oxidation states.
The chemical reactivity of transition metals is generally less than that of metals to its left (group 1 and group 2 metals). However, transition metals can exhibit various oxidation states and hence form more number of compounds than group 1 and group 2 elements.
Romann numerals are used: (I), (II)...
Generally, metals attain positive oxidation numbers only. Non metals can have either positive or negative oxidation states. If an oxidation number is a negative value, it can be deduced that it's a non metal element.
Transition metals have multiple oxidation states due to the number of electrons that an atom loses, gains, or uses when joining another atom in compounds. It also determined the ability of an atom to reduce.