resistance occurs as the blood flows away from heart through the vessels in the peripheral systemic circulation a term known as peripheral resistance. Viscosity of the blood (thickness) ,vessel length (distance) and vessel diameter (blood vessel radius) are three factors
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arteries
No the heart pumps the blood but it does pump the blood through the arteries.
The only arteries in the body that move deoxygenated blood away from the heart are the pulmonary arteries. Arteries are blood vessels.
Arteries carry blood to all parts of the body.
Arteries drain (pump blood) into veins. Veins drain into your lungs and heart to be re-oxygenated. (This is not true for veins and arteries to and from your lungs.)