First of all, dangerous situation! That battery can explode in your face if you create a spark anywhere near it. The charging system may be over charging the battery or the battery may have an internal problem. Allow the battery to cool down (over night) before you do any thing.
sound like a weak battery or bad battery cables.. have your battery load tested sears auto zone should do it free if battery is more then 4 years your on borrowed time anyway
if you have smoke coming from your battery then the cause sounds like a dead short the possble pop you heard would be one of the major fuses,not the tiny ones. you may have a cable rubbed through,or other major wiring fault
Using the electronics (lights, radio, cranking engine but not starting, etc) without charging the battery. If you charge your battery, the car starts and runs, but goes flat in a short amount of time, it's possible your alternator is not working properly.
This could be the voltage regulator. Both the positive from the battery and the starter would be connected to it.
This may be a sign that your battery needs to be replaced. However, there may be other causes as well.
The battery for the battery backup is weak maybe
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white smoke can be either your car overheating, or smoke from an electrical issue
Internal short in the lead plates, time for a new battery.
Black smoke from an engine is caused by unburnt fuel.
condensation
Overcharging.
A car battery in any car would drain due to a short in the electrical system.
poss alternator fault
Something causes a slow drain on your battery. As it does, your battery slowly discharges. If you know that your car will be not used for several months, you might try disconnecting on of the battery terminals.
Yes. The charging causes a chemical change in the electrolyte of the battery.
I suggest you buy a new car battery replacement in http://www.laptops-battery.co.uk/.