There is a natural tendency for a substance to move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration (see osmosis). This means that even water moves from its region of abundance to its region of shortage. Since salt water is more concentrated (less water) than the contents in your mouth (including any germs in there), when you gargle with it, it tends to draw water out of bacterial cells (which have more water in them). All cells are over 70% water and require water to function effectively and hence survive. If the salt water is concentrated enough, it will kill most germs in the mouth and some from the throat.
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Gargoyle is a term that comes from the spout that drained water in most of their throats, and it sounded like "gargling", hence the gargoyle.
All seas have salt water because they have sand which has salt.
Salt water is a solution.
Salt water is obtained by dissolving sodium chloride in water.
Desalination (to desalinate) means to take out the salt. If you boil salt water, the water turns to gas and leaves the salt behind.