Yes, The excretory system, the body's built-in waste removal device, is closely tied to the circulatory system. As the heart pumps blood around the body, the blood carries fresh oxygen to various cells and organs, then picks up waste products like carbon dioxide, salt and urea. The circulatory system carries these waste component in blood, driven by the heart, to the main organ of the excretory system, the kidneys. As the waste products arrive, the kidneys perform a filtration process that removes hazardous toxins and products that the body can not use from water and nutrients that can be reclaimed and recycled. The kidneys return the reclaimed water back to the body, but mix the waste products into a liquid waste compound known as urine. The kidneys direct the urine to the bladder, where it is collected and held until it is either manually expelled or forced out by involuntary muscle contractions.
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The circulatory system and the heart work together to maintain blood pressure within a normal range of values
Veins and arteries are in the circulatory system. Therefore that means they have something to do with pumping blood to cells around the body. So I would say that the role the arteries play in the body is that it carries blood to and from the heart to other parts of the body