Usually no. Shellac has wax in it, and you use linseed oil when applying a French polish. If you painted that, the paint would peel off. If you want to paint a French-polished piece, you need to remove the polish first. Alcohol would be your best bet.
if you add the polish over the french polish it will ruin the french polish. i have tried it before. << Actually, I think the questioner's trying to turn the item from a French-polished piece to a painted one. If he does that without stripping the item, it'll ruin both the French polish (which is notoriously delicate) and the paint. But yes, you're absolutely right it will ruin the French polish--looking at French polish crosswise ruins French polish, so what else is new?
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Traditional french polish is shellac. Shellac is compatible with almost any top-coat.
Yes. A varnish made with one pound of sulphur boiled for half an hour in an iron vessel is a perfect. It should be applied with a brush, while warm.
Paint can be applied over varnish, but it needs to be a compatible type of paint for the type of varnish, and the surface needs to be prepared by removing loose material, dirt and sanding. If it is not a compatible paint the surface needs to be etch primed. Contact a local paint supplier for advice.
Yes, but why waste the varnish. - (it is meant for bare wood )
No. Once you have varnish over the wood, stain will not penetrate. You can get colored varnish and try to darken it that way. I would get a lighter shade than what you want. All the varnish stains are put on white pine to get the samples. Since the wood is already stained, putting the color you want on now would cause it to be too dark.
Of course can, we already proved it on offset printing..