There are none. Archeology is not an experimental science which seeks to explain observed natural phenomena such as falling bodies or planetary orbits or chemical reactions. It is an observational science which seeks to describe and explain the static remains of human population and activity. People build where they build and leave behind what they leave behind and none of this is governed by natural law. Thus the archeologist is faced with the very difficult task of figuring out what a mass of material means based on his knowledge of the culture that left it and the context in which it was left.
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The primary laws of Archaeology are the law of superposition (stratigraphy), the law of association (objects found together are related), and the law of context (artifacts' surroundings provide important information). These laws help archaeologists interpret and understand the past based on the location and relationship of artifacts.
No, archaeology studies the past through material remains left behind by past societies. It does not predict the future but helps us understand how societies lived in the past and how they evolved over time.
There are probably thousands. Most archaeologists specialize in one geographic area or one time period, often both! An archaeologist may also specialize in a particular aspect such as flora or fauna, architecture, ceramics or lithics. There is no end to the possibilities. Some of them are listed below including some theoretical approaches. Archaeoastronomy, Behavioural archaeology, Biblical archaeology, Bioarchaeolgy, Classical archaeology, Cognitive archaeology, Commercial archaeology, Egyptian archaeology, Environmental archaeology, Ethnoarchaeology, Evolutionary archaeology, Experimental archaeology, Feminist archaeology, Field archaeology, Forensic archaeology, Gender archaeology, Geoarchaeology, Historical archaeology, Industrial archaeology, Interpretitive archaeology, Landscape archaeology, Maritime archaeology, Marxist archaeology, Mediaeval archaeology, Nationalist archaeology, Nautical archaeology, Neo-Marxist archaeology, New Archaeology, Processual archaeology, Post-Processual archaeolgy, Osteoarchaeology, Settlement archaeology, Social archaeology, Underwater archaeology, Urban archaeology, Zooarchaeology
Archaeology.
Society of Biblical Archaeology was created in 1870.
Society of Biblical Archaeology ended in 1919.