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Metal organ pipes are made of various proportions of lead and tin. These metals are used because they are easily manipulated both in the manufacturing process and during the voicing process where minute changes are made to the sound producing portions of the pipes. The proportion of metals depends on the sound the organ builder is trying to achieve. Tin is lighter and stiffer than lead. Therefore it will result in a more harmonically rich tone. Pipes that produce intense tones with fewer harmonics are often made of almost pure lead. Larger pipes will collapse under their own weight if made of a lead / tin alloy. Pure tin was used for larger pipes in European organs because of the availability of readily available tin deposits, particularly in England. It will also take a high polish giving the gleaming silver pipes that are typical of European organ facades. Zinc is commonly used for large pipes as it is less expensive than tin and more plentiful in North America and other areas.

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Q: Why were organ pipes made of tin?
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