During non-aqueous titration of amine salts, the halide ions, namely: chloride, bromide and iodide are very weakly basic in character so much so that they cannot react quantitatively with acetous perchloric acid. In order to overcome this problem, mercuric acetate is usually added (it remains undissociated in acetic acid solution) to a halide salt thereby causing the replacement of halide ion by an equivalent amount of acetate ion, which serves as a strong base in acetic acid as shown below: 2R.NH2.HCl ↔ 2RNH3 + + 2Cl - (CH3COO) 2 Hg + 2Cl- → HgCl2 + 2CH3COO- undissociated 2CH3COOH2+ + 2CH3COO- ↔ 4 CH3 COOH
Acetic acid is used in the synthesis of phenyl mercuric acetate by combining mercuric acetate with benzene to create an antifungal used in agriculture. It is both flammable and extremely explosive.
Non-aqueous titration is used in pharmaceutical applications to determine the purity and concentration of certain drugs or active pharmaceutical ingredients. This technique involves using a non-aqueous solvent, such as methanol or acetonitrile, as the titrant and titrating it against a solution containing the drug or active ingredient. Non-aqueous titration is particularly useful for compounds that are not soluble in water or are prone to hydrolysis in an aqueous medium.
Nonaqueous titration is the titration of substances dissolved in nonaqueous solvents. It is the most common titrimetric procedure used in pharmacopoeial assays and serves a double purpose: it is suitable for the titration of very weak acids and very weak bases, and it provides a solvent.
chromatography is when two substances separate. iprdufwjiwreusdoi
Phosphoric acid is used in titraions involving Iron(III) ion. Ferric ions are not stable in aqueous medium. It forms a stable complex with phosphate ions.
Acetic acid is used in the synthesis of phenyl mercuric acetate by combining mercuric acetate with benzene to create an antifungal used in agriculture. It is both flammable and extremely explosive.
Non-aqueous titration is used in pharmaceutical applications to determine the purity and concentration of certain drugs or active pharmaceutical ingredients. This technique involves using a non-aqueous solvent, such as methanol or acetonitrile, as the titrant and titrating it against a solution containing the drug or active ingredient. Non-aqueous titration is particularly useful for compounds that are not soluble in water or are prone to hydrolysis in an aqueous medium.
Nonaqueous titration is the titration of substances dissolved in nonaqueous solvents. It is the most common titrimetric procedure used in pharmacopoeial assays and serves a double purpose: it is suitable for the titration of very weak acids and very weak bases, and it provides a solvent.
The advantage of non-aqueous media titrations is that often the end point is much more satisfactory to the person doing the experiment. Another advantage is that mediums that are not soluble in water can be used.
chromatography is when two substances separate. iprdufwjiwreusdoi
Phosphoric acid is used in titraions involving Iron(III) ion. Ferric ions are not stable in aqueous medium. It forms a stable complex with phosphate ions.
Double titration is a process were the first titration is used to standardize a titrant and the second titration is used to find the molarity of the unknow solution.
titration sensors
mercuric chloride
Methyl acetate is occasionally used as a solvent
There are various types of titration. It is dependent on the conditions used and the reactants and desired products. Some of them are acid-base titration, redox titration, colorimetric titration and thermometric titration.
Mercuric bromide or Mercuric Chloride impregnated paper react with Arsin gases, ans form a yellow stain. this is an indication of the presence of Arsenic in the sample being analysed.