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Pen stock is made of pipe while Tunnel is not a pipe.Tunnel is made of concrete material.

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Q: What is the difference between Headrace tunnel and Penstock in hydropower plants?
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What is difference between penstock and pressure shaft?

Pressure Shaft is designed to resist Internal as well as External Pressure, but the Penstock is designed to resist Internal Pressure only. - Saravanan.S


What is headrace tunnel?

A tunnel between De-silting basin or Fore-bay to Surge Shaft is called Head Race tunnel which may have pressure flow or gravity flow.


Why forebay is used in hydroelectri power plant?

Head race tunnel are Non pressurized tunnels and Penstock is the tunnel bearing pressure. As there is the breakdown in the Power and the water is stopped entering through the turbines, the pressurized flow of water in the penstock creates hammer effect and goes back to the HRT. So, keeping Fore bay in between HRT and Penstock helps reducing pressurized water to create Water Hammers. Hence, to reduce the back water pressure effect, the Fore bay is used in the Hydro power Plant.


How does hydroeletricity work?

Hydroelectricity is electricity generated by hydropower. This is the production of power through the use of gravity or flow to spins water turbine and generator. The amount of electricity produced depends on many things. Some of the things that it depends on are the volume, the amount of pressure, and the difference in height between the reservoir, or source of water, and where it flows out. Hydroelectricity is electricity generated by hydropower. This is the production of power through the use of gravity or flow to spins water turbine and generator. The amount of electricity produced depends on many things. Some of the things that it depends on are the volume, the amount of pressure, and the difference in height between the reservoir, or source of water, and where it flows out.


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