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Protons are pumped across the inner membrane into the intermembrane space.
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Where in the mitochondria does the ETC occur?
The electron transport chain (ETC) occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is comprised of a series of protein complexes embedded in the membrane, through which electrons are passed along to generate ATP.
Where in the mitochondrion does the electron transport chain?
The electron transport chain is in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
What occurs in the ETC during cellular respiration?
The high energy from the electron carriers NADH and FADH2 is passed to membrane-bound enzymes that use the energy to pump protons across the inner membrane into the inter-membrane space. The energy is gradually used by an entire "chain" of enzymes to establish a proton gradient across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. This is where chemiosmosis takes place. Proton motive force generates ATP through the passive diffusion of protons through the enzyme ATP synthase, thus converting ADP and and inorganic phosphate group into high energy ATP molecules. These ATP molecules can drive other endergonic reactions in the cell.
How does the structure of the mitochondria increase the amount of adenosine triphosphate produced?
The inner mitochondrial membrane is folded and convoluted similar to the cerebral cortex of the brain. The electron transport chain (ETC) is located on the inner membrane, so by folding it back upon itself, more surface area is available. The ETC produces ATP by oxidative phosphorylation and is the greatest producer of ATP in cell respiration.
What hormones can cross the cell membrane?
steroid hormonesSteroidalHormones are steroids and go across the membrane through specific receptors - this is why a hormone will act on certain tissue only e.g. estrogen only on mammary glands, uterus etc.
Where in the mitochondria is the proteins of the ETC located?
The Electron Transport Chain is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and the thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts.
Where in the mitochondria does the ETC occur?
The electron transport chain (ETC) occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is comprised of a series of protein complexes embedded in the membrane, through which electrons are passed along to generate ATP.
How many protons are pumped out of the matrix when 2 electrons flow through the ETC complex?
For every pair of electrons that flow through the electron transport chain (ETC) complex, it results in the pumping of 2 protons out of the matrix. This proton pumping contributes to the establishment of an electrochemical gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is utilized to generate ATP through ATP synthase.
Where in the mitochondrion does the electron transport chain?
The electron transport chain is in the inner membrane of mitochondria.
What occurs in the ETC during cellular respiration?
The high energy from the electron carriers NADH and FADH2 is passed to membrane-bound enzymes that use the energy to pump protons across the inner membrane into the inter-membrane space. The energy is gradually used by an entire "chain" of enzymes to establish a proton gradient across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. This is where chemiosmosis takes place. Proton motive force generates ATP through the passive diffusion of protons through the enzyme ATP synthase, thus converting ADP and and inorganic phosphate group into high energy ATP molecules. These ATP molecules can drive other endergonic reactions in the cell.
Why does fadh2 produce fewer ATP molecules than nadh?
NADH produces 3 ATPs because it donates the proton at a "higher" location in the electron transport chain than does FADH2, which is why FADH2 produce only 2 ATPs. NADH and FADH2 donates electrons and protons into the electron transport chain.
Where is the electron transport chain is found in eukaryotes?
Electron transport occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. Specifically, the four protein complexes of the electron transport chain (ETC) exist as transmembrane complexes in the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
How does the structure of the mitochondria increase the amount of adenosine triphosphate produced?
The inner mitochondrial membrane is folded and convoluted similar to the cerebral cortex of the brain. The electron transport chain (ETC) is located on the inner membrane, so by folding it back upon itself, more surface area is available. The ETC produces ATP by oxidative phosphorylation and is the greatest producer of ATP in cell respiration.
How does cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells differ from cellular respiration in prokayotic cells?
The electron transport chain (ETC) is on/in the innermost membrane of the mitochondrion and/or chloroplast (i.e. plants and photosynthesizing protists like algae), which are organelles of a eukaryotic cell. It's actually embedded into the inner membrane of a mitochondria or the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast which plays a part in keeping the gradient that the ETC produces (remember, it's purpose is the push H+ against its gradient using electron energy).
How is the structure of the mitochondrion well adapted for the activities it carries out?
Much of respiration takes place in the mitochondria. Mitochondria have a double membrane: the outer membrane contains many protein channels, which let almost any small molecule through; while the inner membrane is more normal and is impermeable to most materials. The inner membrane is highly folded into folds called cristae, giving a larger surface area. The electron microscope reveals blobs on the inner membrane, which were originally called stalked particles. These have now been identified as the enzyme complex that synthesises ATP, are is more correctly called ATP synthase. the space inside the inner membrane is called the matrix, and is where the Krebs cycle takes place (the matrix also contains DNA and some genes are replicated and expressed here).
When reffering to molecular transport does movement occur across the cell membrane?
yes, it can occur in various ways. (active transport, simple diffusion,etc.)
What hormones can cross the cell membrane?
steroid hormonesSteroidalHormones are steroids and go across the membrane through specific receptors - this is why a hormone will act on certain tissue only e.g. estrogen only on mammary glands, uterus etc.
