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Angiotensin II has 4 effects: (overall effect is to increase Blood Pressure and Blood Volume)
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1. The adrenal cortex (Zona Glomerulosa)
2. Triple effect on the Nervous System
3. Supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus
4. Vasoconstricts smooth muscle
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1. There are Angiotensin II receptors in the Zona Glomerulosa - stimulates release of Aldosterone
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2. Direct effect on the sympathetic nervous system, increasing output. Second effect on postganglionic nerve endings inhibiting the reabsorption of Norepinephrine (i.e. increasing concentration of neurotransmitter - increasing stimulation). Third effect on reception of tissue to NE.
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3. Stimulates Supraoptic nucleus to release Anti Diuretic Hormone
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4. Direct effect on smooth muscle of a. venous system (increasing venous return, stroke volume and therefore contractility of heart muscle and cardiac output - increasing systolic blood pressure). b. arterial system (increasing resistance to blood flow, and increasing diastolic blood pressure).
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∙ 14y ago
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What does angiotensin-converting enzyme do?
The primary function of ACE is to help regulate arterial pressure by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II
What does Serum Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme do?
The primary function of ACE is to help regulate arterial pressure by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II
What are ACE enzymes?
ACE stands for Angiotensin Converting Enzyme. Angiotensin II is the most potent vasoconstrictor in your body. In order to get from Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II, there is an enzyme required for this reaction to occur. ACE inhibitors are used to treat high blood pressure (and congestive heart failure) and they exert their effect by blocking the enzyme.
What is one of the most potent vasoconstrictors released by the endothelium?
Angiotensin II.
What are three hormones that produce vasoconstriction?
norepinephrine, epinephrine and angiotensin II
Do the kidneys affect angiotensin II?
Certain kidney disorders increase the production of angiotensin II, another cause of hypertension
What does angiotensin-converting enzyme do?
The primary function of ACE is to help regulate arterial pressure by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II
What does Serum Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme do?
The primary function of ACE is to help regulate arterial pressure by converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II
What triggers the release of aldosterone?
angiotensin
What chemical that activates angiotensin II?
Renin
Does Renin cause a decrease in blood pressure?
No. Renin causes the blood pressure to rise. By low blood pressure the body releases Renin from the kidneys. Renin cleaves an inactive peptide, called Angiotensinogen, converting it to Angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is then converted to Angiotensin II by ACE (Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme). Angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction and thus an increase in blood pressure.
What are ACE enzymes?
ACE stands for Angiotensin Converting Enzyme. Angiotensin II is the most potent vasoconstrictor in your body. In order to get from Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II, there is an enzyme required for this reaction to occur. ACE inhibitors are used to treat high blood pressure (and congestive heart failure) and they exert their effect by blocking the enzyme.
What are the most potent vasoconstrictors known that are peptides?
Urotensin II, Endothelin, Angiotensin II
Production of angiotensin II indirectly?
raises the blood volume
Do angiotensin II blockers affect preload or afterload?
Afterload
What is a hormone that is a potent vasoconstrictor and that stimulates secretion of aldosterone?
Renin which causes the production of Angiotensin which ultimately is converted into Angiotensin II.
Is diovan an ace inhibitor?
No, Diovan (valsartan) is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB). While angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, ARBs prevent the angiotensin I from binding to the AT1 receptor. End result is the same, inhibition of vasoconstrictive properties of angiotensin I and reduction in blood pressure.
