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I am aware of the following notions regarding the rate of evolution:

  • Gradualism, that the rate of evolution is more or less uniformly gradual.
  • Punctuated equilibria, that evolution is gradual, but punctuated by rapid fluctuations in rate of progression.
  • Saltationism, that new species can emerge instantaneously, from one generation to the next.

Saltationism has, to a certain extent, been disproved as a pattern for evolution, along with gradualism, although saltational events may on occasion still occur, for instance in cases of polyploidy, chromosomal fusion, or radical changes in HOX genes.

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Q: What are three theories about the rate of evolution?
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Evolution is a process, theories of evolution are theories which explain that process


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The three main theories of evolution are Lamarckism, Darwinism, and punctuated equilibrium. Lamarckism suggests that organisms can pass on acquired traits to their offspring, while Darwinism proposes natural selection as the main mechanism of evolution. Punctuated equilibrium suggests that evolution occurs in rapid bursts separated by long periods of stability.


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In a phrase; the mechanism of natural selection.


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