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The autonomic nervous system also has two divisions: the sympathetic division and the parasympatheticdivision. These two divisions have antagonistic (opposing) effects on the internal organs they innervate (send nerves to act on).
The sympathetic division, shown at the left, is the emergency system. It prepares the body to put out energy and to protect it from effects of injury. It shuts the gut down, speeds up the heart, increases blood pressure, dilates (makes bigger) the pupils of the eyes, makes more glucose (blood sugar) available in the blood for energy, etc. Cannon described these reactions as preparation for fight or flight (running away).
The parasympathetic division, shown at the right, is the "housekeeping" division. It acts to replace and recover from the activities of living. Its action is (almost always) the opposite of the sympathetic division. It activates the gut for digestion, slows the heart rate, decreases the blood pressure, etc.
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LaoThe 2 functional components of the peripheral nervous system include:
- The Somatic Nervous System that sends motor innervation to skeletal muscles and from skin and somatic tissues.
- The Autonomic Nervous System that innervates smooth muscle, blood vessels and viscera. The 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system include the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
The peripheral nervous system contains many nerves that originate from the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord. These nerves can be divided into:
- Cranial nerves that exit the cranium but originate from the brain, brainstem, or upper spinal cord.
- Spinal nerves that originate from the spinal cord and exit neural foramina in the spine.
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The Motor Division of the peripheral nervous system is divided into two functional divisions called the what and what nervous system?
The Motor Division is divided into the Somatic and Autonomic Nervous System. The Somatic Nervous System controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles, while the Autonomic Nervous System regulates involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.
What part of the brain is responsible for helping you run and catch the bus?
That part is called as hypothalamus. It is supposed to be highest centre for the autonomic nervous system. You need the sympathetic nervous system to run and catch the bus. Sympathetic nervous system is the part of the autonomic nervous system.
The system of the nerves that work automatically is called what?
The system of nerves that work automatically is called the autonomic nervous system (ANS). It regulates involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and sweating. The ANS consists of two main divisions: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.
What nervous system is a division of the peripheral nervous system that deals with involuntary movement of smooth and cardiac muscles?
That system is called as autonomic nervous system. It is composed of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
What does the autonomic nervous system direct?
The autonomic nervous system directs involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, and glandular secretions. It consists of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, which work together to maintain homeostasis in the body.
