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The number one difference between slavery in America and slavery in ancient Rome was its foundation. American slavery was based on race or skin color. Roman slavery was based on birth. The ancients had no sense of racism. (They did have prejudices against foreigners, but this was based on nationality, not race.) In America, few slaves were freed in comparison to their numbers, while in Rome hundreds of slaves were freed annually. The freed slaves in Rome, although owing a limited service to their former masters, were free to climb the social ladder and many of them did, becoming businessmen, craftsmen, or government officials. In America it was much more difficult, as race and lack of education worked against the freed slave. The ancient slaves always had the hope of freedom, either from their owners or by buying their freedom. An American slave did not have this advantage.

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Q: What are the differences between slavery in ancient Rome and in America?
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