take the outside diameter and subtract the thickness twice.
Tube is measured by outside diameter, pipe is measured by inside diameter.
NB = inside diameter of the tube. OD = outside diameter of the tube.
The purpose with a pipe is the transport of a fluid like water, oil or similar, and the most import property is the capacity or the inside diameter. For a ASME/ANSI B 36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe the inside diameter - ID - of a NPS 2 inches pipe with * schedule 40 is 2.067" * schedule 80 is 1.939" The inside diameters are close to 2" and the nominal diameter related to the inside diameter. Outside diameter are 2.375" for both schedules. Since the outside diameter of a single nominal pipe size is kept constant the inside diameter of a pipe will depend on the "schedule" or the thickness of the pipe. The schedule and the actual thickness of a pipe varies with the size of the pipe. It is common to identify pipes in inches by using NPS or "Nominal Pipe Size". The metric equivalent is called DN or "diametre nominel". The metric designations conform to International Standards Organization (ISO) usage and apply to all plumbing, natural gas, heating oil, and miscellaneous piping used in buildings. The use of NPS does not conform to American Standard pipe designations where the term NPS means "National Pipe Thread Straight". Nominal Bore (NB) may be specified under British standards classifications along with schedule (wall thickness). The tolerances are looser to pipes compared with tubes and they are often less expensive to produce. The nominal dimensions of tubes are based on the outside diameter. If we look at Copper Tubes - ASTM B88 the outside diameter of a 2" pipe is 2.125", relatively close to 2". The inside diameter of a tube will depend on the thickness of the tube. The thickness is often specified as a gauge. If we look at Copper Tubes - ASTM B88 the wall thickness of 0.083"of a 2" pipe is gauge 14. The tolerances are higher with tubes compared to pipes and tubes are often more expensive to produce than pipes.
id means inside diameter, od means outside diameter, copper pipe and tubing is measured by the od, therefore the od the pipe or tubing will be the same as the id of the fitting
Subtract the area of the I.D. of the pipe from the O.D. and multiply the result by the length. (I.D. and O.D. are inside and outside diameter respectively)
take the outside diameter and subtract the thickness twice.
take the outside diameter and subtract the thickness twice.
Outer radius minus inner radius Subtract the inside diameter from the outside diameter, then divide the difference by 2.
That would depend on the wall thickness of the pipe. 54 inches is the outside diameter so subtract the pipe wall thickness (x2) adn you have the inside diameter.
For example a tube (hollow cylinder)with wall thickness 't' the outside diameter is: 1.00+2t So if the walls are 1.0mm thick the outside diameter is 1.20cm If there is no wall thickness the inside and outside diameter are the same. This seems a little too simple a question to ask here so I suspect the person asking the question has omitted some details or that they want an answer to a different question.
Then the wall thickness is 1 inch
The inside diameter (ID) is 8 inches. The nominal pipe size (NPS) and outside diameter (OD) depend on the thickness of the walls of the pipe.
-- Subtract the inside diameter from the outside diameter. -- Take half of the result. (since the outside diameter counts both walls of the pipe, and you want only one wall) Now you have the wall thickness. Common example. 1/2" OD, 3/8 " plastic tubing 1/2-3/8=1/8 and now divide by 2 and the wall thickness is 1/16"
The pipe will have an outside diameter of 1.5+.25+.25 = 2". A pipe with an outside diameter of 2" has an outside circumference of 2"*Pi. 2"*3.142 ~= 6.284" or about 6 1/4"
Calipers are used to measure the dimension of anarticle. In measuring a section of pipe you would use an inside caliper to give the internal diameter, and an outside caliper to give the external diameter. The difference being the thickness of the pipe wall.
Any measurement smaller than 35mm. That measurement would depend on the thickness of the material making the tube
inside