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No. If you have phase 1, 2, 3 (in that order), and phase 1 is the highest voltage at the instant a switching event occurs (causing a power surge), the surge voltage will be highest in phase 1. For polarity to change, you would need phase 2 to instantaneously change to greater than 1, which will not happen.

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Q: Can a power surge cause a motor to go into reverse polarity?
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Can small permanent magnet motors be reverse direction if the direction of current flow to the motor is reverse?

Permanent magnet field motors. With a these motors, a permanent magnet is used to replace the field coil. DC power is connected via the brushes, to the armature only. Reversing the polarity, will cause the motor to reverse its direction of rotation. It is very common to use a switch to intentionally reverse to the polarity, to allow reversal of the motor if desired.


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The case of reverse polarity would only happen on a DC system. As to would it cause equipment to run when switched off, no, if the switch opens the equipment's power supply completely the device will not operate.


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if the power wires for the motor happen to be hooked up backwords


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Only if it is a battery power tool and you fit the battery in reverse.


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