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A choke is an inductor. For typical power frequency, an inductor will slightly change the power factor, but will not actively use much energy. An abnormal voltage spike on a power supply is equivalent to voltage at a much higher frequency. Inductors appear to be a much greater impedance to high frequencies. This allows the choke to pass "normal" power, while at the same time it blocks "abnormal" power.

A resistor acts independent of frequency. It will limit the effects of the high frequency voltage spikes by dissipating their energy, but it will do the same for the normal power system frequency. In effect, it is always using power, when the choke only uses what you don't want to get to the power supply.

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Q: Advantage of a choke coil over a resistor in a power supply filter?
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