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Lungs

Lungs are a pair of elastic and spongy organs that help the body breathe. They are present inside the rib cage in thoracic cavity of humans.

500 Questions

What is alveolar dead space?

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Asked by Wiki User

Alveolar dead space refers to the portion of the air in the lungs that does not participate in gas exchange because it does not come into contact with the pulmonary capillaries. This can occur when there is impaired blood flow to certain areas of the lungs, leading to ventilation without perfusion. Alveolar dead space can contribute to ventilation-perfusion mismatch and can impact the efficiency of gas exchange in the lungs.

Are subpleural bullae dangerous?

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Asked by KenanRexhepi

Subpleural bullae are small air-filled sacs that form in the lung tissue near the pleura. They are typically not dangerous unless they become large and compress nearby structures, leading to symptoms like chest pain or shortness of breath. Monitoring them through medical evaluation is important to ensure they do not cause complications.

What is the condition where the lungs tissue collapses?

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Asked by Wiki User

The condition where the lung tissue collapses is called atelectasis. This occurs when alveoli in the lungs deflate, leading to reduced gas exchange and potential respiratory issues. Atelectasis can be caused by various factors such as blockage of airways, pressure on the lungs, or underlying lung diseases.

What is the medical Term meaning bleeding from the lung?

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Asked by Wiki User

Bleeding from the lungs is called pneumorrhagia.

Name three ways that show how Jesus cares for the disabled the blind the lame and the deaf?

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Asked by Wiki User

  1. Jesus healed the blind, the lame, and the deaf, demonstrating his compassion for those with disabilities.
  2. Jesus showed kindness and acceptance to individuals with disabilities, treating them with dignity and respect.
  3. Jesus used interactions with the disabled to teach about faith, love, and the importance of caring for others in need.

What does mediastinal blood pool maximum SUV is 2.5 on a PET scan?

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Asked by Wiki User

What does mediastinal blood pool maximum SUV is 2.5 on a PET scan?

How does the lung cancer affects organisms?

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Asked by Wiki User

Lung cancer can have a profound impact on the human body and overall health, affecting various organs and systems in the organism. The effects of lung cancer can be wide-ranging and depend on factors such as the type and stage of the cancer, as well as individual characteristics and overall health status. Here are some ways in which lung cancer can affect organisms:

Respiratory System:

Lung tumors can obstruct the airways, leading to symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest pain.

Cancerous growths in the lungs can impair lung function, reducing the ability to inhale and exhale air effectively and leading to respiratory distress.

Cardiovascular System:

Lung cancer can increase the risk of blood clots, particularly in the veins of the legs (deep vein thrombosis) or the lungs (pulmonary embolism).

Certain types of lung cancer may produce substances that affect blood clotting and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications.

Immune System:

Lung cancer can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections and other illnesses.

Cancerous tumors may produce substances that suppress the immune response, allowing cancer cells to evade detection and destruction by the immune system.

Metabolic Function:

Advanced lung cancer can lead to cachexia, a wasting syndrome characterized by unintentional weight loss, muscle wasting, fatigue, and weakness.

Cancer-related metabolic changes can affect energy levels, appetite, and nutrient absorption, leading to nutritional deficiencies and overall decline in health.

Skeletal System:

Lung cancer that metastasizes (spreads) to the bones can cause bone pain, fractures, and other skeletal complications.

Metastatic tumors in the bones may weaken bone structure and increase the risk of fractures, particularly in weight-bearing bones such as the spine, hips, and legs.

Central Nervous System:

Metastatic lung cancer can spread to the brain, causing symptoms such as headaches, seizures, weakness, changes in cognition, and neurological deficits.

Brain metastases can impair cognitive function and quality of life, leading to significant neurological symptoms and complications.

Overall Health and Well-Being:

Lung cancer can have a profound impact on overall health and well-being, affecting physical, emotional, and social aspects of life.

Symptoms such as pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and loss of independence can significantly impact quality of life for individuals with lung cancer and their caregivers.

In summary, lung cancer can affect various organs and systems in the organism, leading to a range of symptoms and complications that can impact overall health and well-being. Early detection, prompt treatment, and comprehensive supportive care are crucial for optimizing outcomes and quality of life for individuals affected by lung cancer.

Bacteria that cause cancer?

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Asked by Wiki User

While bacteria themselves do not directly cause cancer, certain bacterial infections have been linked to an increased risk of cancer development. Here are some examples of bacteria associated with cancer:

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori):

H. pylori is a bacterium that infects the lining of the stomach and is a major risk factor for gastric cancer and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Chronic infection with H. pylori can lead to inflammation of the stomach lining, which over time may promote the development of cancerous lesions.

Human Papillomavirus (HPV):

HPV is a sexually transmitted infection known to cause cervical cancer, as well as other cancers of the anogenital region and oropharynx. Certain high-risk strains of HPV, such as types 16 and 18, can infect epithelial cells and lead to the formation of precancerous lesions. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV strains increases the risk of these lesions progressing to invasive cancer over time.

Helicobacter hepaticus:

Helicobacter hepaticus has been associated with an increased risk of liver cancer in animal models. Chronic infection with this bacterium can induce chronic inflammation in the liver, which may promote the development of cancerous tumors over time.

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae:

These sexually transmitted bacteria have been linked to an increased risk of cervical and prostate cancers, respectively. Chronic inflammation resulting from these infections may contribute to cancer development in the affected tissues.

Streptococcus gallolyticus (formerly Streptococcus bovis):

Streptococcus gallolyticus has been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, particularly in individuals with underlying gastrointestinal conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease. Chronic inflammation and tissue damage caused by this bacterium may contribute to cancer development in the colon or rectum.

While these bacteria may increase the risk of cancer development, it's important to note that not everyone infected with these bacteria will develop cancer. Additional factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental exposures, and lifestyle habits, also play a role in cancer development. Preventive measures such as vaccination (e.g., HPV vaccine), screening and treatment of bacterial infections, and practicing safe sex can help reduce the risk of cancer associated with bacterial infections. Additionally, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, can contribute to overall cancer prevention efforts.

Cancer can sometimes be an inheritable disease?

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Asked by Wiki User

Yes, cancer can sometimes have a hereditary or genetic component. Some individuals may inherit gene mutations from their parents that increase their susceptibility to developing certain types of cancer. These inherited genetic mutations are associated with an increased risk of cancer, but they do not guarantee that cancer will develop.

There are certain genes known as tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes that play crucial roles in regulating cell growth and preventing the formation of tumors. Mutations in these genes can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and an elevated risk of cancer.

Two common types of hereditary cancer syndromes are:

Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC):

Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers. Individuals with these mutations have a higher-than-average risk of developing these cancers, as well as an increased risk of certain other cancers.

Lynch Syndrome (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer - HNPCC):

This syndrome is caused by mutations in genes involved in DNA repair, such as MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. Lynch Syndrome is associated with an elevated risk of colorectal cancer and an increased risk of other cancers, including endometrial, ovarian, and stomach cancers.

It's important to note that while hereditary factors can contribute to an increased risk of cancer, the majority of cancers are not directly inherited. Most cancers are believed to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.

If there is a family history of certain types of cancer, genetic counseling and testing may be recommended. Genetic testing can identify whether an individual carries specific mutations associated with an increased cancer risk. This information can help individuals and their healthcare providers make informed decisions about monitoring, prevention, and early detection strategies.

If you have concerns about your risk of developing cancer based on your family history, it is advisable to discuss these concerns with a healthcare professional or a genetic counselor. They can provide guidance on genetic testing and help assess your individual risk factors.

What is cancer antigen 15-3 used for?

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Asked by GaleEncyofMedicine

Cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) is a protein produced by cells in response to changes occurring in the body. It is mainly made by breast cancer cells, but can also be elevated in some other cancers like lung cancer and ovarian cancer.

Main uses of CA 15-3:

Monitoring breast cancer:

In patients with diagnosed breast cancer, CA 15-3 is used to:

Monitor the effectiveness of treatment: Decreasing levels after treatment suggest a positive response, while rising levels may indicate tumor recurrence or progression.

Guide treatment decisions: High levels may help guide the need for further treatment or a change in treatment course.

In patients with a high risk of breast cancer, but not yet diagnosed, CA 15-3 may be used in conjunction with other tests to aid in diagnosis if levels are significantly elevated.

Less common uses:

Monitoring other cancers: While not as common as for breast cancer, CA 15-3 levels may be monitored in some cases of lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and cervical cancer to assess treatment response or tumor progression.

Diagnosing non-cancerous conditions: While primarily used for cancer, elevated CA 15-3 levels can also occur in some non-cancerous conditions like liver disease, cirrhosis, and certain inflammatory conditions. However, diagnosis should not be based solely on CA 15-3 levels and other tests will be necessary.

Important things to remember:

CA 15-3 is not a standalone diagnostic test for cancer.

Elevated CA 15-3 levels can be caused by various factors, not just cancer.

Interpretation of CA 15-3 results should always be done in conjunction with other clinical information and tests.

CA 15-3 is most relevant for monitoring breast cancer treatment and progression.

Rabbit have a lungs or gills?

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Asked by Wiki User

Rabbits, like all mammals, have lungs, not gills. Lungs are the respiratory organs of mammals, including rabbits, and they are adapted for breathing air. Gills, on the other hand, are the respiratory organs of aquatic animals such as fish and some amphibians. Gills are specialized for extracting oxygen from water, whereas lungs are designed for extracting oxygen from the air. Rabbits breathe by inhaling air through their nostrils, which then passes into their lungs, where oxygen is exchanged with carbon dioxide in the blood.

Leukemia is a cancer of the?

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Asked by Wiki User

Leukemia is a cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. It is characterized by the abnormal production of white blood cells, which are essential for the immune system. In leukemia, the bone marrow produces large numbers of abnormal white blood cells that do not function properly. These leukemia cells can crowd out normal blood cells, leading to problems with blood clotting, anemia, and a weakened immune system.

There are different types of leukemia, and they are classified based on the type of white blood cell affected (lymphoid or myeloid) and whether the disease is acute or chronic. Acute leukemia progresses rapidly and requires immediate treatment, while chronic leukemia progresses more slowly and may not cause symptoms for many years.

Common types of leukemia include acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The specific type of leukemia and its classification influence the treatment approach and prognosis for individuals affected by the disease.

What is pulmonopathy?

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Asked by Wiki User

The specialty of medicine known as pulmonology treats disorders of the respiratory system, including the diagnosis and management of conditions affecting the lungs and respiratory tract. The following are some prevalent conditions linked to pulmonology:

Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are two of the progressive lung conditions known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. Long-term exposure to irritant gasses or particulate matter, such as cigarette smoke, is a common cause of COPD.

Chronic asthma: An inflammation of the airways that causes wheezing, dyspnea, tightness in the chest, and coughing on a regular basis. Pollutants in the environment and allergies are two common causes of asthma attacks.

Pneumonia: An infection, usually brought on by bacteria, viruses, or fungus, that causes inflammation of the air sacs in one or both lungs. Breathing difficulties may result from mild to severe pneumonia.

Tumor-forming abnormal cell proliferation in the lungs is known as lung cancer. Although smoking is one of the main risk factors for lung cancer, other variables including secondhand smoke or radon exposure can also cause it in non-smokers.

A collection of conditions collectively known as interstitial lung disease (ILD) are marked by lung tissue inflammation and scarring. ILD may cause gradual fibrosis, which will affect oxygen exchange and lung function.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a type of sleep disorder marked by recurrent breathing pauses during the night, frequently brought on by neck muscle relaxation. Daytime weariness and a higher risk of cardiovascular issues can result from OSA.

A genetic condition affecting the lungs and digestive tract is called cystic fibrosis. It causes the formation of mucus that is thick and sticky, which can lead to respiratory infections and breathing difficulties.

A disorder called bronchiectasis causes the airways to enlarge and scar abnormally, which can cause mucus to accumulate and recurring lung infections.

A blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries, usually brought on by blood clots that migrate from the legs or other regions of the body to the lungs, is known as a pulmonary embolism (PE). PE needs to be treated right away because it might be fatal.

Inflammation of the bronchial tubes, which supply air to the lungs, is known as bronchitis. While long-term irritation, like smoking, is linked to chronic bronchitis, viral infections are frequently the cause of acute bronchitis.

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF): A particular kind of interstitial lung disease whose etiology is unclear and which causes respiratory function impairment and lung tissue scarring over time.

Together, pulmonologists, respiratory therapists, and other medical specialists diagnose and treat various respiratory disorders. Medication, pulmonary rehabilitation, lifestyle changes, and in certain situations, surgical procedures, are possible treatment modalities. For pulmonary disorders to be properly managed, early diagnosis and comprehensive care are essential.

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How long does it take for the lungs to get rid of carbon dioxide?

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Asked by Wiki User

Air enters through the nose or mouth, this air then travels down the wind pipe, past the voice box and to the lungs. The lungs divide into two small tubes called bronchi, these bronchi then split into thousands of tiny tubes called bronchioles, at the end of these tiny bronchioles are millions of small 'air sacs' called alveoli. Once in the alvoli gas exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the capillary walls happens.

The oxygen which you have breathed in through your nose or mouth is diffused through the capillary walls to meet red blood cells, which then take the oxygen to the heart, where it pumps the blood cells to cells all over the body that need oxygen to function and do its job correctly.

when this oxygen reaches the cells it kind of 'swaps' positions with the carbon dioxide (CO2) which has been created as a waste product by the body's cells.

Once the CO2 is attached to the blood cells, it is returned to the heart where it pumps the blood cells back to the lungs, where gas is diffused again and the cycle starts again.

sorry, a bit confusing.

Do mosquitos have lungs?

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Asked by Wiki User

Of course, what were you thinking of mosquitos not having lungs.

How does a fetal pig get its oxygen and get rid of its waste?

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Asked by Wiki User

Through the placental tissues that join the mother's bodily systems to her fetuses' systems. The umbilical cord is connected to the placenta, which aids in this transmission process, and the placenta is connected to a vast network of capillaries and blood vessels in the sow's uterus and uterine horns which flow throughout the sow, supplying blood and oxygen to her babies and exterminating wastes that are expelled by the fetuses.

Do Antelopes have lungs?

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Asked by Wiki User

Elephants are mammals and they have lungs.

Does an Octopus have lungs?

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Asked by Wiki User

Yes they do.All sea creatures have gills.

Is SCID is a form of cancer?

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Asked by Wiki User

No. SCID, or severe combined immunodeficiency, is a disease of the immune system wherein important signaling molecules called interleukins are incapable of transmitting messages to other cells of the immune system. Since some immune cells use interleukin communication to ward off cancer, SCID can predispose individuals to some cancers. But SCID is not a form of cancer in itself.

Why is the cat bleeding through her mouth?

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Asked by Wiki User

This could mean several things; the two most common being a dental problem or a physical injury. In either case, bleeding from the mouth should be treated as an emergency and should be looked at by a vet immediately.

Can Crocadiles breath under water?

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Asked by Wiki User

No, but crocodiles can hold their breath under water for long periods of time if needs be (some large adult crocs have been known to hold their breath for 2 hours or more!)

Do beavers have lungs?

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Asked by Wiki User

yes of course! then how they live on land

Do squids have lungs?

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Asked by Wiki User

No they can not but they can survive being out of water for a short time.

Do monkeys breathe using lungs or gills?

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Asked by Wiki User

they dont have lungs they have large rectums strapped to there torso and gills that help them breath sub human air