Petrol, or octane, has no surface tension because it is a non-polar molecule. Water is very polar, meaning the water molecule has a positive end and a negative end. This causes hydrogen bonding, an inter-molecular attraction, between water molecules. This in turn causes surface tension, which binds water into droplets, and explains many of water's properties. So, petrol evaporates more quickly than water and pours easier.
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Gasoline vapors are more flammable than liquid gasoline because they have a wider flammable range, meaning they can ignite at lower concentrations in the air. Vapors are also more easily mixed with air to form an explosive mixture. Additionally, vapors have a higher surface area to volume ratio, allowing them to ignite more quickly when exposed to a spark or flame.
Water molecules have polar characteristics. They have strong intermolecular bonds, namely, hydrogen bonds. But the only intermolecular force present between petrol molecules is London forces which is relatively very weak than hydrogen bonding.
Volatile is defined as likely to change in a very sudden or extreme way. Gasoline is more volatile than water because of its chemical make up.
Oxygen is required for gasoline to burn. There is far more oxygen in gasoline vapor than in liquid gasoline. This is why the flame is on top of a puddle of gas. Just the vapor is burning.
The reactants (gasoline vapors) are more dangerous in a gasoline fire, as they are highly flammable and can ignite easily. The products of combustion (carbon dioxide, water vapor, carbon monoxide) are a byproduct of the burning process and are less hazardous in terms of fire risk.
Yes, gasoline is volatile because it can easily evaporate into the air at normal temperatures. This volatility is what makes gasoline highly flammable and able to ignite easily.
An empty gasoline drum is more dangerous than a full one because it is more prone to igniting vapors due to increased air space inside the drum. This can create an explosive atmosphere if there is any ignition source nearby. With a full drum, there is less air space for vapors to accumulate, reducing the risk of ignition.
No. Mercury is a liquid metal and is more dense.
It is harder to start a combustible liquid buring than to start a flammable liquid burning. In most cases, however, neither type of liquid is "unstable." Both are simply liquids that can burn if ignited. Being "unstable" means that it might detonate or explode.