The Spartans never really recovered from the huge loss of life in 465 BC earthquake and subsequent helot revolt as well as wars with Argives and Arcadians (except Mantineans) which came immediately after epic war with Persia, and basically ended in the eve of the Great earthquake.
Wounded Sparta then embarked on a very tough, civil war equivalent - Peloponnesian war(s). But it ended it not as a former military power, though still strong, but as more of a political power, which at the end of an exausting war gave them a victory. But at what cost? Spartan system crumbled, adn with citizen population decimated, their army was no longer an elite, their warriors weren't bred from childhood to be the best in Greece, but most of the army were now either free semi trained periokoi (second class citizens) or even freed helots (public slaves).
Finally, Thebans, which rose to power in Greece in 4th century BC after almost 800 years since last heyday, defeated Spartan army in the battle of Leuctra in 371 BC, officially ending the very slow process of Spartan power fading, which started almost immediately after Persian wars. That wasn't the first nor the last defeat Spartans had suffered, but it was probably the most decisive, as it never recovered its power.
But only few decades later, Thebans also fell to the power of Alexander the great and Hellenistic kingdoms, who again, after Alexander's death soon fell to the Romans, together with entire Greece.
Sparta was slowly reduced to a remote village, a Roman tourist attraction, and in the early middle ages, after several barbarian attacks and fall of Rome, it ceased to exist until refounded by modern Greeks as Sparti in the end of 19th century where it still stands.
Sparta was brought down from her part as the major power in the Greek mainland by the Thebans (382-362 BC). The Spartans had turned the relatively peaceful Thebans against them by constant sieges and plundering the countryside. Led by Epiminondas and Pelopidas, the Thebans learnt the art of warfare from the constant Spartan attacks and proved themselves to be the most proficient in all Greece, defeating the Spartans very decisively at the battle of Leuctra in 371 BC.
The Macedonians under Alexander the Great. Alexander the Great was sixteen years old at this time. Although he commanded the Companion Cavalry at a critical moment of the battle which defeated Thebes, Sparta, Athens, and the rest, Alexander's father Philip commanded the Macedonian army.
The Spartans were killed eventually by the Athenians. They made the first defeat of the Spartan army which gave others hope that the Spartans were not invincible.
According to Herodotus the traitor was Ephialtes of Trachis.
The Babylonian Empire was subsumed by the Persian Empire in around 540 B.C.E.
The Peloponnesian war between Spart and its allies and Athens and its empire was won by the Spartan alliance supported by Persia.
They didn't. The personal bodyguard of King Leonidas was killed during a delaying action at the pass of Thermopylae, but the Spartan army was back at Sparta protecting the city.
Rome
daa Sparta brought the soldiers ndd the Athens brought theirr navy (:
Tambourine by Eve feat. Swizz Beatz
Well, the 300 Spartans lost yes, but very shortly after, the persians sailed to a trap led by a double spy, Athens and the Spartans won at sea. The persians retrieted back to Asia Minor (now Turkey) and the greeks took the bridge apart.
They fought the Persians and soldiers from provinces of the Persian Empire, including the Ten Thousand Immortals, but the film is a highly fictionalized version of the event.
King Leonidas. He led the battle of Thermopylae with 300 Spartans. His people killed 20000 Persians.
The Persians who was led by Xerxes .
The Spartans were part of a Greek force at Thermopylai. Their object was not to defend athens but to be part of a strategy to defeat the Persians in a naval battle.
The traitor Ephialtes had shown to the Persians a path leading through the mountains which enabled the Persians to outflank and overcome the Greek rearguard composed of both Spartans and Thebans .
No. The Spartans defeated about 500,000 Persians along with about 1,700 Greeks. Later on in the war, they withdrew to defend Sparta and lost the war. The Spartans alone did not fight or defeat Persians and Persian allies. Many Greek city states allied and defeated Persians in land and sea battles in two separate wars. The only Greek defeat from the most famous battles in the two separate Persian invasions was in Thermopylae. And even then, few thousand Greeks died, including plus or minus 300 Spartans, while it is believed more than 20,000 Persians and their allies that included many Greeks, died in Thermopylae. So it was an honorable defeat.
No. Both were of Indo-European ethnic origin, but the Spartans were Dorian Greeks and the Persians were Iranians.
Yes the Persians did defeat the 300 Spartans and Greeks, but after, a double spy led the Persians to the wrong straight after destroying Athens. The Greek fleet overwhelemed the Persians, so the Persians retrieted. The Persian bridge that was biult was destroyed and the the Greeks kept part of the bridge as a trophy. With Persia now out of their homeland, the Spartans and Athenians teamed up once more and went to battle with the Persians. The battle of Persia and Sparta/Athens lasted 3 years. The Spartan/Athenian army defeted the Persians!Persia lost against the Spartans/Athenians!
No.
The Persians
Their plan was to defeat the Persian fleet in the naval battle, with hope, that their land army will withdraw, without support.
tambourine
The Spartans and the Persians
Persians.