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This depends on your formal definition of what a 'country' is. The modern conception of a country is a nation state, but the modern nation state did not emerge until the Treaty of Westphalia, 1648. If by country you mean the first major geographic polity, then the likeliest answer would be the earliest real civilisation. The Middle-East and Egypt are generally considered the birthplace of civilisation, where the earliest settlements arose by 10,000 BC and the first cities by 3100 BC. A polity can be understood as a political unit in a geographic area, inhabited by many people, who organise a system to administrate themselves. By this understanding, the first 'country' would likely be ancient Sumeria, centred in Uruk, and ancient Egypt in Memphis.

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14y ago

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