No, the Colosseum was built for other entertainment purposes. Perhaps an occasional chariot race was held there, but the chariot races were held at special courses laid out for them, such as the Circus Maximus or Circus Flaminius.
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Constantinople never had the Colosseum. The Colosseum is in Rome and there is only one Colosseum. The arena where sporting events and chariot races were held was called the hippodrome in Constantinople and all the other eastern cities. In Rome and in all other western cities it was called a circus. The Circus Maximus in Rome was the largest and the most famous.
The name of the building or arena where the Roman chariot races were held was the Circus Maximus in Rome and the Hippodrome in Byzantium/Constantinople.
Horse and chariot races were held at the Olympic hippodrome?
In Rome the chariot races were held mainly in the Circus Maximus. There was also the Circus Flaminius for races. A clue is the word "circus", which means racecourse. Any Roman structure with the word "circus" in its name, would be a racecourse.
Roman spectators watched chariot races in a circus. Circus in Roman times meant racecourse, it did not have the same meaning as today's word, circus. In the city of Rome itself, the Ciurcus Maximus was the main racecourse.