The driver who is backing up. That person has created a traffic hazard/impediment and is totally responsible.
I believe it could be both persons fault. If you're driving and someone decides to jump in front of your car it's not you fault. If you're driving and aren't being careful or just can't stop in time, than it's your fault. -Bobbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb
The vehicle that pulled out is responsible and should be charged with "Failiure To Yield Right Of Way."
If he pulled out in front of a car driving on the street and it struck his car, then he is at fault. If he was rear-ended by the car following, then the following driver is at fault.
If you were legally parked, the person backing up is at fault. If you were in a "No Parking" area, you are at fault.
The greater fault lies with the person backing out of the parking space. You may still be partially at fault for not driving with due care.
No, it is not your fault. If you are hit when driving in front of somebody, it is their fault, irregardless of whether you slowed down or not. Obviously you can't jump in front of somebody and slam on the brakes, but just slowing down does not permit somebody to ram you.
This depends on who had the right-of-way. Sidestreets or alleys normally do not have stop signs. But the rule still applies as it would if you were pulling out of a driveway into the street. But this would also depend on how fast the main street driver was driving. He still has the responsibility of avoiding any potential hazards.
It should be the person in the very back who started the chain reaction. However, because your car was there, don't be surprised if you get included in the defendants if the person in the front decides to sue.
Their fault for not looking both ways
If he was driving forward past his intended parking space to take yours, then he is at fault. Cutting across is not permitted in parking lots although many people do it anyway.
Typically, if you hit someone from the rear, you are judged as 'at fault' because it is assumed you will have enough 'safe driving distance' and speed limit to stop for any interference. If you hit the car on a side panel, showing you were closer when the person pulled out, they may be judged as 'at fault'. If you hit the front of their car, the person pulling out was more likely at fault (depending on your speed and distance). HOWEVER, all that said, the best protection after an accident is to call the police, let them make their report, and take pictures before the cars are moved.
There is no prefix in fault. A prefix is something put in front of a word like invisible.