How is kidney nephron adapted to its function?

Answer 1

Blood is filtered through the capillaries of the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule empties the filtrate into a tubule that is also part of the nephron. The function of the glomerulus is to filter the resultant fluid that will become urine.

Answer 2

In the kidney, a tubular structure called the nephron filters blood to form urine. At the beginning of the nephron, the glomerulus /ɡlɒˈmɛrələs/ is a network (tuft) of capillariesthat performs the first step of filtering blood.

The glomerulus is surrounded by Bowman's capsule. The blood is filtered through the capillaries of the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule empties the filtrate into a tubule that is also part of the nephron.

A glomerulus receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole of the renal circulation. Unlike most other capillary beds, the glomerulus drains into an efferent arteriole rather than a venule. The resistance of these arterioles results in high pressure within the glomerulus, aiding the process of ultrafiltration, where fluids and soluble materials in the blood are forced out of the capillaries and into Bowman's capsule.

A glomerulus and its surrounding Bowman's capsule constitute a renal corpuscle, the basic filtration unit of the kidney. The rate at which blood is filtered through all of the glomeruli, and thus the measure of the overall renal function, is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Answer 3

The glomerulus takes part in ultrafiltration in the nephron. Blood flows into the afferent arteriol, which is larger in diameter, and the blood flows out of the efferent artirol, which has a smaller lumen/ diameter, this means that the blood will be at a higher pressure, allowing for substances to be pushed from the blood into the bowmans capsure. The glomerus also has podocytes on the basement membrane, which have projections, this ensure that there are gaps or pores to allow for substances to leave the blood. The basement membrane also does not allow protein molecules (which have a molecular mass of over 69000.)

Answer 4

The nephron is the unit in the kidney that provides its functions. It provides for filtering of impurities and expelling them in urine. It also provides other functions such as the regulation of blood pressure.

Answer 5

The blood plasma is filtered through the capillaries of the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule. The Bowman's capsule empties the filtrate into a tubule that is also part of the nephron. A glomerulus receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole of the renal circulation.

Answer 6

It produces filtrate that becomes urine after it passes beyond the peritubular capillaries and into the renal pelvis.

Answer 7

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