Monks in todays modern world do alot of things the old fashioned way. They start there day off early, waking up at around 4-5a.m. The first thing they do is pray. They usually pray 3000-5000 times a day (prayers only last around 20seconds). Some monks will work while others will train in Shaolin, a very brutal fighting technique. They cannot eat after 12p.m. unless it is offered by a higher ranked monk. Those are the basics. If youd like to learn more research it :)
In the building of church not usually. Monks live in monasteries, which usually have churches adjoining them.
Yes, there are monks all over the world today. There are monasteries in most western countries, the Middle East and the far east. They are both Christian monks and Buddhist monks.
Yes there are
No
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Shaolin monks are still around today. if you go to the shaolin monastery in china then you'll see that there are plenty of monks.
Monks studied more on a science scale while friars were more like what a priest is today.
Yes, those who are not ordained monks or nuns have always had an important role in the community of Buddhists. As Buddhism spread from what is today India to other eastern countries and, in the 20th century, to the west, it adapted itself to different cultures. Today in the west, most Buddhists are not celibate monks or nuns. Communities of monks and nuns are usually supported by many practitioners outside those communities. Most people today who engage in Buddhist practices designed to minimize suffering are neither monks nor nuns. .
Yes, there are many monasteries in existence today all over the world.
St. Benedict was famous for founding the Benedictine Order of monks. More than that, he devised a code for the proper behavior of his monks, which is still in use today.
Historically, Christian monks were vegetarian and still are today. Christian monks imposed many rigorous restrictions upon themselves including fasting and the wearing of 'hair shirts' (animal skins with the rough animal hair against the skin) under their robes. Monks of other religions may also be vegetarian eg. Buddhists.
Not all monks taught in schools during the Middle Ages as not all monasteries had schools. However, many communities did operate what would be called schools today.
We have the manuscripts of the ancient literary works today because the Christian monks saved them and preserved their knowledge by copying them.
Catholic monks, Orthodox monks, and Buddhist monks.
The collective noun for monks is an abomination of monks (from the older 'an abominable sight of monks').
Today there are 12,000 Carmelite nuns worldwide. But that is all I know of i am not sure about the monks.