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Do the molecules of alkanes have strong intermolecular forces and high melting points?
No, molecules of alkanes have weak intermolecular forces (London dispersion forces) due to their simple linear structure with only van der Waals interactions. This results in low melting points for alkanes compared to many other types of compounds.
Intermolecular and influence on physical property?
Intermolecular Bond influance these physical properties melting/freezing point, boiling point, viscosity, and surface tension to name a few. Because IM forces are what keep molecules holding on to the molecules around them.
Does the melting point depend on the substances being melted?
Yes, because the melting point depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces, which are different for different molecules and compounds. Stronger intermolecular forces mean a higher melting point.
Why do nitro compounds have high boiling points in comparison with other compounds of same molecular mass?
Nitro compounds have high boiling points compared to other compounds of similar molecular mass because they exhibit strong intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. These intermolecular forces require more energy to overcome, resulting in a higher boiling point for nitro compounds.
Which have higher boiling points organic or inorganic compounds?
In general, organic compounds tend to have lower boiling points compared to inorganic compounds. This is because organic compounds are typically made up of lighter elements like carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which have weaker intermolecular forces. Inorganic compounds often contain heavier elements with stronger intermolecular forces, leading to higher boiling points.
What can you say about the relative strength of the intermolecular forces in the two compounds?
The relative strength of intermolecular forces depends on the types of molecules involved. Compounds with hydrogen bonding, such as water, tend to have stronger intermolecular forces compared to those with only London dispersion forces, like diethyl ether. This results in higher boiling points for compounds with stronger intermolecular forces.
What does a strong odor indicate about the strength of intermolecular forces in a compound and why?
A strong odor typically indicates that the compound has weak intermolecular forces. This is because substances with weak intermolecular forces tend to easily vaporize and disperse in the air, allowing their molecules to reach our nose more easily and produce a noticeable smell. Conversely, compounds with strong intermolecular forces tend to have lower vapor pressures and are less likely to produce a strong odor.
Do molecular compounds have lower melting points than ionic compounds?
Generally, yes. Molecular compounds have weaker intermolecular forces compared to the strong electrostatic forces present in ionic compounds. This results in lower melting points for molecular compounds since less energy is required to break the intermolecular forces.
Do ionic compounds or covalent compounds have stronger intermolecular forces?
Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction that exist between molecules in a compound. The stronger the attractions between particles the more difficult it will be to separate them. When substances boil, the particles are completely separated from one another and the attractions between the molecules are completely overcome.
Why do most solid covalent compounds have lower melting points than ionic compounds?
Solid covalent compounds have weaker intermolecular forces compared to the strong electrostatic forces present in ionic compounds. This results in lower melting points for covalent compounds since less energy is required to break the intermolecular forces holding the molecules together.
Why do covalent compounds and ionic compounds have different melting points?
Melting points are a reflection of the intermolecular forces and intramolecular forces of the compound. The stronger the intermolecular force, the more energy it takes to bring it to a different state.
How are the melting points of ionic compounds different from molecular compounds?
Very much higher.
Do ionic compounds or convalent compounds have a high volatility?
Ionic compounds generally have a higher volatility compared to covalent compounds. This is because ionic compounds have weaker intermolecular forces that allow them to break apart and vaporize more easily at lower temperatures. Covalent compounds tend to have stronger intermolecular forces, making them less likely to evaporate at the same rate.
How do you explain the solubility of compounds?
List all the intermolecular forces between solutes2) List all the forces between solvents3) List all the intermolecular forces between solvent and solute4) State the energy comparisons.
Organic compounds exist as discrete molecules with much weaker intermolecular forces than those seen in ionic compounds?
Yes, that's right. Organic compounds are typically made of covalently bonded molecules, which have weaker intermolecular forces like van der Waals forces or hydrogen bonding compared to the strong electrostatic forces in ionic compounds. This is why organic compounds have lower melting and boiling points than many ionic compounds.
Why do melting points of covalent compounds tend to be lower than those of ionic compounds?
Covalent compounds typically have weaker intermolecular forces compared to the strong electrostatic forces present in ionic compounds. This results in covalent compounds having lower melting points as less energy is required to break the intermolecular forces and transition from solid to liquid. Additionally, covalent compounds generally have a more disordered structure, which further contributes to their lower melting points.
Do covalent compounds have lower boiling point than ionic compounds?
In general, covalent compounds have lower boiling points than ionic compounds. This is because covalent compounds have weaker intermolecular forces compared to the strong electrostatic forces between ions in ionic compounds. As a result, less energy is required to overcome the intermolecular forces in covalent compounds, leading to lower boiling points.
