Red=right, White=left, Shield=ground
no
The ribbed wire on a lamp cord is the neutral wire. On an extension cord there is no rib but the neutral wire is white in colour.
You can rewire your extension cord by replacing the existing wire with green, black and white wires. In most situations it is safer and cheaper to buy a new extention cord.
No. However, a longer extension cord has higher resistance for a given wire gauge or size compared to a short extension cord and the voltage at the load device may drop so low that it doesn't work properly. This may also be accompanied by a noticeable rise in the temperature of the extension cord. As a rule, use the shortest extension cord that will get the job done. If the extension cord must be long, use one that has heavy gauge wire to minimize voltage drop at the load.
Depends on the size of the wire in the extension cord. The 3 prong is just the hot, neutral, and ground.
buy a new extension cord
you need to state more information but in any case yes you can.
Materials would consist of extension cord cable, male and female cap ends. The tools would consist of a screwdriver that will fit the termination ends screw configuration and a pair of wire strippers or a knife to strip the extension cord wire.
If your extension cord is truly a 30 amp cord then it is composed of #10 wire. #10 wire is rated at 30 amps. All you have to do is remove the 30 amp plug and receptacle ends from the cord and install 15 amp cord ends.
There are several parts to an extension cord. There is the "female" end where you would plug in the appliance, the cord, and then the "male" end which gets plugged into an outlet.
25 percent larger wire for 50 feet.
#16 <<>> To load an extension cord to 1725 watts depending on the length of the cord, the bare minimum should be #14. A better size cord and my recommendation would be a #12 wire size extension cord.