because they got screwed by the Halocaust
Zionism.
The Balfour Declaration was the first promise by the British Empire to give the Jewish people a national home in Palestine. It was the first major success of the Zionist Movement and led to increased pressure by Jews to immigrate to the territory and set the foundations of a new Jewish State-to-be. As the Zionists worked to create a Jewish state, the support of one of the world's largest powers, that was soon to take over Palestine, was crucial. This also changed the future trajectory of Israel/Palestine as a region, allowing the seeds of Israel's creation to be sown.
There was more worldwide support for the creation of a Jewish state. What a wonderful thing studyisland is :3
The United Nations proposed a plan to divide Palestine into a Jewish state and an Arab state.
ZIONISM, the Jewish Nationalist Movement, led to the creation of the State of Israel in 1948.
The United Nations approved Resolution 181 which provided for the creation of a Jewish State in the British Mandate of Palestine. The actual creation of that state was undertaken by prominent Zionists in the British Mandate.
You may be thinking of Chaim Weizmann for the invention artificial acetone used in the manufacture of gunpowder.
The Arabs wanted a unitary independent Arab State to be created called Palestine and would refuse the creation of any Jewish State in the region.
One of the silvernings could be a) The Creation of the State of Israel, b) the unconditional support of Israel by the US and c) the fact that every Jewish (male or female) is now better off than before WW2. There are of course many more silverlinings...
To prohibit the existence and activity of Zionism.
It was not and has continued to not be a "smooth transition". Jewish and Arab Militias attacked the British and each other throughout the later Mandate Period and it blossomed into international conflict with the Declaration of the State of Israel when 7 other Arab Nations committed their armies to eradicating the Jewish State.
The Arabs wanted a unitary independent Arab State to be created called Palestine and would refuse the creation of any Jewish State in the region.