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Why did medieval manor houses have 2 floors?

Updated: 8/18/2019
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13y ago

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Manor houses during the medieval period usually consisted of a stone building with two floors, together with other buildings of timber, within a moated, fenced enclosure - but not all manor complexes fit this model.

The manor house itself normally had an undercroft at ground level, usually with a large doorway and very small windows. This was a storage area for food, firewood, casks of ale and wine, tools, timber for building, candles and other commodities; there might also be room for a cart. An outside stone or timber stair led up to the first floor.

The upper floor was the private accommodation for the lord and lady and their family; there was usually a hall for meals, bed-chambers and a solar (a "sun room") where the lady would do needlework or read. This room had larger windows with stone seats each side.

Other buildings served as stables, barn, granaries and brew-house, as well as sleeping quarters for servants.

In some cases, such as at Millichope Manor in Shropshire, there was a danger from outlaws and poachers in the area. Here the stone stairway was inside the building and a total of five thick oak doors stood between the family rooms and the outside world.

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