Primarily Latin and greek, although greek isn't dead.
The Latin language came from Latium, a region in central Italy where the Latini lived. The Latini founded Rome and gave their name to the Latin language, which was later spread throughout Europe by the Roman Empire.
It would be impossible to list all the words that the Romans gave us. The Romans gave us the Latin language and all the words derived from Latin came from the Romans, for the most part. The exceptions would be the technical lingo which denote some high tech system or some medical term that the Romans never knew.
Latin language has influenced a lot of words in the English language. Scientific classified names for animals, for example, often derive from Latin expressions.
The Dutch language gave us linguistic gems such as nitwit, cookie, and sleigh.
France
French
Italian.
erse
Language, religion and many traditions of the "mother country".
The Romans gave the name "solar" to the sun. In Latin, (language of the Romans) 'sol' means sun
Fog comes from Danish.