Answer 1
Islam spread in the Middle East, Africa, some part of Europe and in some parts of Asia as well as in far unfurled countries like Indonesia, Malaysia etc. and it spread so quickly when companions of Prophet (PBUH), (Sahabas) conquered those lands and after conquering they did justice well with local people and preached them well and as a result most of the people of those regions reverted to Islam due to the just and kind behavior of Muslim rulers. Moreover, it was the power of Islamic faith which attracted non-muslims to gain shelter in Islam and still today Islam is the fastest spreading religion in the world today.
Answer 2
Islam spread so fast for many reasons. Most of important of them are:
Some claim that Islam was spread by war or by sword. This is a false argument for many reasons. One of these reasons is that the Muslim country of the biggest population is Indonesia while Muslims never invaded Indonesia. The claim that Islam spread by war or by sword is a false claim and is a lie propagated by enemies of Islam. For more information on this refer to related questions below.
Answer 3
Where did Islam spread: Islam spread across the Middle East, North Africa, Spain, and to the edge of the Indian Subcontinent during the Umayyad Period. It expanded beyond that to West Africa, East Africa, Indonesia, and Malaysia, as well as much of Southeastern Europe, and the Indian Subcontinent.
How did Islam spread so quickly: Islam spread quickly due to a number of factors. It is notable that although there are a few occurrences of Muslims carrying out the "Convert or Die" scenario, this is not the most common reason for Islam's expansion both in terms of territory and belief. It is also important to note that just because the religion of Islam spread by peaceful means, does not mean that the territorial expansion of Islamic Empires also occurred by peaceful means. No Empire has ever acquired more territory by just asking for it (except perhaps the Nazis with Sudetenland).
1) Arabia - What's that?: Prior to Mohammed, Arabia had been seen as a cultural and political backwater barely worth notice and therefore Mohammed's consolidation of the Arab Tribes was not seriously considered by the Byzantine and Sassanian Empires. This lead to a very porous southern defense and miscalculation of the Islamic Armies.
2) Byzantine-Sassanian Wars: Since the Byzantines and Sassanians considered each other the only real civilizations in the region, they fought each other numerous times in the early 600s C.E. over control of what is today East Turkey and Iraq. These were intense religious wars (Christian vs. Zoroastrian) and greatly weakened both empires at just the wrong time.
3) Tribal Command Structure: Arab Tribes and warriors owed their loyalty to their Sheikhs and leaders without fault because the Sheikh provided each person with all of the amenities and protection necessary to live a full life. Whenever the Arabs went to war, the Sheikhs could count on the ability to muster their tribesmen as soldiers without issue.
4) Support of the Locals: Since the Byzantine Empire and Sassanian Empire were engaged in religious zealotry, it stands to reason that they did not tolerate their religious minorities very well. The Muslims professed to (and did) treat minorities far better than either of these Empires. This led to religious minorities (especially Jews) from within the conquered territories helping Muslims to secure outposts and positions, freeing the Muslims to continue to spread the religion.
5) Citizenship by Conversion: The Islamic Empire was interesting in that being the leader or a person of import in the Empire was not contingent on ethnicity or place of birth as was the case of most prior empires. All a person had to do to gain power and prestige was to convert to Islam. This simple integration mechanism resulted in massive number of Persians, Berbers, and Turks converting to Islam. In fact, the furthest expansions of Islam (Spain, India, West China, South Russia, the Balkans) were all accomplished by non-Arabs (respectively Berbers, Persians/Mughals, Turkmen, Azeris, and Ottomans).
6) Warfare: The leaders charged with expanding the influence of Islam were thoughtful and diligent military leaders. Caliph 'Omar, who conquered much of the Levant, Egypt, Persia, and Iraq was well-known as a strategist and a fighter. It was this knowledge of warfare that allowed Muslim forces to expand the territory's influence.
7) Universality: Islam, as a religion, claims salvation for all people in all places, making the religion very attractive, especially to people born into low castes and bad economic positions.
8) Commerce: Islam, like most religions, spread also through peaceful means of commerce and education whereby non-Muslims learned of the faith and adopted as their own amidst business dealings with Muslims.
A small hint:
The concept of "convert or die" is against Islam and Quran teachings and I don't believe that anyone practiced it. It could some claims of non Muslims who are attacking Islam without any justification. Quran says in many verses that no compulsion in religion. As an example Quran says:
"There shall be no compulsion in religion; the right way has become distinct from the wrong way. Whoever renounces evil and believes in God has grasped the most trustworthy handle; which does not break. God is Hearing and Knowing. " (2:256).
Refer to related questions.
The other point is that the Romanian empire was not following Christianity but when the emperor converted to Christianity (and he was considered as their God),
the people whoi are following him converted automatically to Christianity.
to what regions, and in what general order, had islam spread by 750
It was long ago Islam was spread.It was at Egypt,Arab...Yemen...it was spread from a religious man..
Islam did not spread the same way throughout all of Africa. In North Africa, Islam spread by conquest. In West Africa and along the Indian Ocean, Islam spread by contact between Muslim merchants and local Non-Muslims.
After the death of Muhammad, Islam spread all the way to the northern Arabian Peninsula.
Spread of Islam was not hindered in east africa, it reached as far as Zambia, Mozambique and further south to Rwanda
Islam today is a fast-growing religion.... islam is still being spread today...it is the second largest religion .. .. it is in every nation and still spreading.
Islam spread to libya by other countries
A struggle or conflict to spread Islam is a Jihad
Islam never spread by war. Refer to question below.
Islam spread north at first and then spread east and west.
Islam is a very fast growing religion and the 2nd largest. It had spread 1400 years ago from the small town of Medina. Through many phases Islam spread into western countries. Arabs and other Muslims built libraries and mosques worldwide. Islam has contributed to science. Very soon it will beat Christianity.
It's correctness and rightness and its ability to answer any question and solve any problem of mankind... .........
It was spread in Arabic.
not a fast but slow
Keep their food history from dying
The prophets of god spread Islam.
slow-fast-slow (Apex)