What were the similarities and differences in the decline of the Abbasid and Ottoman empires?

Answer 1

Abbasids were arabs, the ottomans turks. Both Islamic societies depended on taxes collected by appointees. Nepotism and corruption kept the Caliph/Sultan from effective control of revenues, losing the ablity to fiance their armies.

Answer 2

There have been over 25 different Islamic Empires, so, without clarification it is impossible to answer the question. Usually when people say 'the three Muslim empires' they are either referring to (1) the Rashidun, Umayyad, and Abbassid Caliphates OR (2) the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires. (Of course, there are other groups of threes such as the Caliphate of Cordoba, Almoravid Empire, and the Almohad Empire, but these are not commonly referred to in this way.)

Please resubmit the question specifying which three Islamic Empires you are asking about.

Answer 3

The two are not comparable. The western part of the Roman Empire fell under the weight of invasions by the Germanic peoples. The eastern part of this empire was not affected by these invasions and continued to exist for nearly 1,000 years.

The Abbasid caliphate became fractured by a number of autonomous dynasties: the Idrisids (788-974) in northwest Africa, who were succeeded by the Almoravids (1040-1147) and the Almohads (1120-1269); the Aghlabids (800-909) in Ifriqiya (modern Tunisia & Western Libya) who were succeeded by the Fatimids (909-73), the Zirids (973-1148) and the Hafsids (1229-1574); the Tulunids in Egypt & Palestine (868-905) who were succeeded by the Fatimid Caliphate (909-1171) the Ayyubid dynasty (1171-1341) and the Mamluks (1250-1517); the Hamdanids (890-1004) in Al-Jazira (modern Syria & Northern Iraq) who were succeeded by the Marwanids (990-1085) and the Uqaylids (990-1096); the Samanids (819-999) in Khorasan (modern north-eastern Iran & Turkestan) who were succeeded by the Ghaznavids (962-1168) Seljuks (1034-1194) and Khwarazmians (1077-1231).

Except for the Fatimid Caliphate in Egypt and the Andalusian Caliphates of the Umayyads and Almohads, every Muslim dynasty at least acknowledged the nominal suzerainty of the Abbasids as Caliph and Commander of the Faithful. However, these areas of the Abbasid Caliphate became de facto independent.

The Caliph himself was under 'protection' of the Buyid Emirs (934-1055) who controlled Iraq and western Iran. Thus the Caliphate was a nominal entity even before its conquest of Al-Jazira, the land of the Buyid emirs and Khorasan by the Seljuk Turks.